生活型

tree

形態特徵

• An evergreen, dingy tree, 3–20 m tall, often with leaning, kneeling trunk and many gnarled branches, at seashore or mangrove; bark pinkish grey, smooth, becoming fissured and flaky on older trees; branchlets densely lepidote towards the ends; young twigs
• Leaves simple, oblong to (obovate) ovate, oval, lanceolate, with obtuse to subcordate, sometimes suboblique base, slightly acuminate (acumen acute, obtuse or rounded), 5–36 cm by 3–12 cm, young red, at first densely scaly, afterwards glabrous and dark green above, lower surface densely lepidote (scales silvery-grey at first, turning brown), old turning dull orange-yellow, leathery, with 3 or more basal nerves, secondary nerves 8–10 pairs, tertiary ones more or less irregular; petiole densely lepidote, brown scurfy, 0.5–3 cm.
• Panicles axillary, of many flowers somewhat hanging, with epidote and brown velutinous, 6–18 cm; pedicels 1–7 mm; calyx yellowish without, inside sordidly purple, densely stellate or tomentose pubescent on both surfaces respectively; staminate flower: calyx 4–5 mm, gynandrophore 1 mm, disk densely papillose; staminal ring bearing 4(–5) anthers; pistilate flower: calyx 6–7 mm, carpels 4, at beneath surrounded by staminodes on receptacle, slightly stellate hairy at base, style very short, stigma slightly capitate and lobed, three parts in total length of 2 mm.
• Fruits 2–5, exalate, with a short ruder-like apical crest, compressed ellipsoid, 3.5–7 cm by 3–5 cm, woody, smooth, shining purple brown, inside densely short hairy.

分布

• 台灣 : Tropical shore of Taiwan and the Indian and W. Pacific Oceans. The curious boat shaped fruits are dispersed by seawater.
• 世界 : Common on sandy and rocky coasts, in tidal forest and mangrove swamps.

引證標本

ILAN: Giran, Kanehira 5092*. PINGTUNG: Hengchun, Su s. n. 1977; Kenting, Wang 1397.

參考文獻

• LI, HUI-LIN and LO, HANN-CHUNG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 759. .  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)